High blood pressure It is a popular disease among the elderly. That may start to have problems from the beginning of middle age. After working hard for more than half of my life The cause of high blood pressure cannot be clearly determined. But there are additional risk factors if there are inappropriate lifestyle behaviors, such as basic health care that we do not do well enough.
From the matter of food, we may eat unbalanced foods from all 5 food groups to the point of weighing more than the standard, eating too much sodium or salty taste. including lack of exercise Not getting enough rest Accumulated too much stress and smoking drink alcohol
When is it called High blood pressure?
Blood pressure has two numbers: the upper number is the pressure during heart contraction and the lower number is the pressure during dialysis. The ideal blood pressure value is an upper value of not more than 120 and a lower value of not more than 80. If you have a blood pressure of 130/80 or higher, it means that you are already in the high blood pressure range.
People with high blood pressure Blood pressure should be reduced to less than 140/90 mm Hg. And lower than this if you have diabetes or are at high risk of developing cardiovascular disease such as paralysis, paralysis, ischemic heart disease. The target blood pressure reduction should be less than 130/80 mmHg.
When is the time to treat high blood pressure? behavior modification and receiving appropriate medication to help normalize blood pressure levels. Therefore, it is a matter that the doctor will consider for us. To reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease such as diabetes, but if we know that there are many types of blood pressure lowering drugs. And what type does it work? What side effects are there? It will be even more beneficial to the patient. Health therefore has information on medicine groups for treating high blood pressure from pharmacist Uthai Sukwiwattsirikul to share with you.
7 groups of medicines “High blood pressure”
- Diuretic group
Including hydrochlorothiazide. (hydrochlorothiazide), furosemide (furosemide), amiloride (amiloride), etc. The medicine works by driving salt out of the body. causing frequent urination
Side effects of this ยูฟ่าเบท https://ufabet999.app group of drugs are: May cause the body to become dehydrated Abnormal blood potassium levels High blood fat levels
- A class of drugs that block the flow of calcium into cells.
Including nifedipine (nifedipine), amlodipine (amlodipine), etc. by blocking the flow of calcium into these cells. As a result, the muscles in the blood vessels will relax, leading to the expansion of blood vessels. This causes blood pressure to decrease as a result.
This group of drugs has side effects including heart palpitations, headaches, swollen joints and feet , and constipation.
3.A group of drugs that inhibit the production of angiotansin.
Abbreviated as ACEI, which stands for angiotensin converting enzyme, it includes enalapril, captopril, and lisinopril. ) etc. The drug works by inhibiting the activity of the enzyme that creates angiotansin. (angiotensin), which causes blood vessels to contract Therefore, when angiotansin is not available The contraction of blood vessels therefore occurs less. Can cause blood pressure to decrease.
Side effects of this group of drugs include dry cough, high levels of potassium in the blood.
- A group of drugs that block the binding of angiotanxin receptors.
Abbreviated as ARB (#ARB), which stands for angiotensin receptor blocker, they include losartan, irbesartan, valsartan, and candisartan. (candesartan), etc. The effect of blocking angiotansin from binding to this receptor causes blood vessels to dilate. Blood pressure therefore decreases.
Side effects of this group of drugs include: High levels of potassium in the blood occur.
- beta blocking drug group
These include atenolol and propranolol. (propranolol), metoprolol (metoprolol), etc. Drugs block the autonomic nervous system. This causes the heart to beat more slowly, the pulse to slow, and the blood pressure to drop as a result.
Side effects of this group of drugs The most common ones include: Fatigue, which usually occurs during the first period of taking the drug, but will decrease with continued use of the drug for approximately 1-2 weeks. Other side effects that may be found are Depression, nightmares, sexual dysfunction
This group of drugs is contraindicated in patients with asthma or emphysema. Because it may make the symptoms of the lung disease worse more easily.
6.alpha blocking drug group
These include prazosin, doxasozin, etc. This group of drugs blocks the autonomic nervous system in the smooth muscles of blood vessels. causes blood vessels to expand And as a result, blood pressure drops.
Common side effects of this group of drugs are: Low blood pressure when changing positions, which can cause dizziness. Therefore, patients using this medicine should be careful of sudden changes in posture, such as If you want to stand up after being in a lying position for a long time. You should change to a sitting position first. Instead of immediately standing up from the lying position
Other side effects Things that may be experienced include headaches, heart palpitations, and weakness.
- group of arterial dilating drugs
These include hydralazine, minoxidil, etc. The drugs have the effect of directly expanding blood vessels. Makes blood pressure drop
Side effects of this group of drugs include flushing the face, heart palpitations, headaches, etc.
How to choose medicine to treat high blood pressure?
Generally, doctors will prescribe only one dose of blood pressure lowering medication first. If still unable to lower blood pressure, then several drugs will be given together. Your doctor will decide which medicine is appropriate. They usually choose to give medicine that is effective in lowering blood pressure 24 hours a day, to be taken only once a day. for convenience and can control blood pressure so that it does not fluctuate much during the day
High blood pressure Is there a chance of recovery?
If you are one of those people who have been diagnosed with high blood pressure. and was treated with blood pressure lowering drugs You should take the medicine regularly as prescribed by your doctor, not missing doses, reducing the dose or increasing the dose on your own. and must see the doctor at every appointment Your doctor may keep you on the same medication or adjust your dosage. The pharmacist will prescribe medicine for you and advise you on the correct use of the medicine. If there is any old medicine left You should carry your medicine with you.
So that the pharmacist can keep the medicines that the doctor has ordered to stop using. or change the medicine label for a new one in the event that the doctor changes the dosage of the medicine You should also not take someone else’s high blood pressure medication. Because each person’s physical condition is different, for example, there may be impaired kidney function. or have other medical conditions or other medications used together, etc.
medicine for high blood pressure Not the final solution
Using medicine as little as possible It is probably the most beneficial to the body. Therefore, people with high blood pressure should first try to change their behavior to help lower their blood pressure. By refraining from smoking, losing weight, and reducing alcohol consumption. Reduce salt intake (Should receive less than 6 grams of sodium chloride/day) Eat the DASH diet (Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension), which is to increase vegetables and fruit foods and reduce saturated fat and reduce fat intake. Combine with exercising 30-45 minutes per day regularly.